Thousands rallied in Tirana on Saturday at a fresh anti-government rally after days of violent unrest in the Albanian capital, with police firing tear gas to disperse the crowd.
Since mid-October, protesters and police have routinely clashed in Tirana in anti-government demonstrations that morphed from rallies against a development linked to the family of US President Donald Trump.
Several government buildings have been attacked, dozens of demonstrators detained and more than 300 protestors and police injured, said the authorities.
On Saturday, police fired rubber bullets while some protesters used fireworks against the security forces.
"There is a lot of anger," said activist Sidorela Vatnikaj, labelling the movement a "revolution".
"It's not only a matter of students," she told AFP.
"It's not only a matter of environmental struggles... It's a matter of the state of rights and state of law."
The health ministry said 13 people were injured in Saturday's demonstrations, including nine demonstrators, two journalists and three police. Organisers called for fresh protests on Sunday from 1200 GMT.
Thousands of people heeded calls from organisers for students and others around Albania to attend Saturday's rally. Groups representing university professors, artists and opposition parties, had declared their support.
Many shops had closed ahead of the protests, some carrying signs on their shutters, such as: "Don't touch. We're with you."
Soon after the rally began outside the education ministry, a focal point for protests, a group of demonstrators hurled stones at the building, many of whose windows had been smashed in previous days, according to an AFP reporter.
Riot police immediately retaliated with water cannons, tear gas and rubber bullets.
"We are here for one reason: we want to stay in our country and not have to dream of a life elsewhere," Rosela Mira, a first-year medical student, told AFP.
"I want to have a future here."
Her sister, a high school student, standing nearby, described deteriorating learning conditions, with 40 pupils per class and a lack of facilities such as laboratories, at her school.
More than 1.5 million people have left the Balkan nation since the fall of communism in the 1990s.
The population now stands at 2.3 million.
The average salary before tax is 930 euros ($1,026) per month.
"We have to work several jobs... to help our parents, who receive meagre pensions," said Fabiola Nikaj, a third-year university law student.
"No violence", "Transparency" and "Democracy in danger" read some of the banners carried by high-school teachers and university professors.
Albania ranks 91st among 182 countries on watchdog Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index.
Anti-government protests started in May, sparked by a luxury hotel project linked to US President Donald Trump's family, which scientists said in July had already caused irreparable damage to a once-pristine stretch of Albania's coast.
Anger over the resort development has morphed into a broader push against corruption, amid ongoing demands for Prime Minister Edi Rama to step down.
Rama has blamed "foreign actors" for the violence and accused both Russia and Iran of driving online misinformation.
The socialist prime minister has also called for "dialogue".
But red cushions laid on the ground around an improvised concrete table outside the government headquarters on Saturday, a symbolic gesture for dialogue, remained empty and were later set on fire by hundreds of protesters.
The demonstrators have distanced themselves from any political party, and regularly carry signs accusing both Rama and longtime opposition leader Sali Berisha of corruption.
"Rama in prison" and "Berisha in prison" they chanted on Saturday, blaming the entire political class for the crisis.
The prime minister had earlier published photos of around 40 people, identified by their initials, whom he accused of violence, and renewed his call for the heads of dozens of public institutions to resign.